Acute inflammatory mediators in young adult patients with covid-19 in Mexico

Anahí Maldonado-Cabrera; Aracely Angulo-Molina; Ubydul Haque; Carlos Velazquez; Andrea S. Álvarez-Villaseñor; Karla J. Santacruz-Gómez; Ana L. Gallego-Hernández

doi:10.3390/pathogens10081056

Acute inflammatory mediators in young adult patients with covid-19 in Mexico

Anahí Maldonado-Cabrera, Aracely Angulo-Molina^*, Ubydul Haque, Carlos Velazquez, Andrea S. Álvarez-Villaseñor, Karla J. Santacruz-Gómez, Ana L. Gallego-Hernández^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Departamento de Física

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Young adults (18–40 years old) are an active population with high risk of infection and transmission of COVID-19. They are considered a low-risk population due to its low 1.0% case fatality rate (CFR). Despite their high clinical usefulness to prevent fatal cases, inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers studies are limited. For this reason, we performed a retrospective cohort study with COVID-19 patients in Hermosillo, Mexico, to assess inflammation, coagulopathy profile, and severity outcomes in young adults. We analyzed blood samples to determine the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil/monocyte ratio (NMR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (C-RP). We included epidemiological features and comorbidities, and compared them to the severity status. Only 359 COVID-19-confirmed young adults were included in the ambulatory (44.8%), hospitalized (42.9%), and death (12%) severity groups. Laboratory results showed an increase in NMR, LMR, and C-RP associated with the aggravated patients. Additionally, obesity, arterial hypertension, and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were associated with the COVID-19 severity outcome. We found that 9.1% and 30.3% of young adults presented the novel COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) and the risk of CAC, respectively. These parameters can be considered independent biomarkers reflecting an enhanced inflammatory process related to the COVID-19 prognosis.

Original language	English
Article number	1056
Journal	Pathogens
Volume	10
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081056
State	Published - Aug 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Funding: We acknowledge the Department of Chemical-Biological Science, the Division of Biological and Health Science, and the Division of Exact and Natural Science of the University of Sonora for their financial support to cover the publication fees of this article. UH was supported by the Research Council of Norway (Grant # 281077).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

COVID-19
Coagulopathy
Hematological profiles
Young adults

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10.3390/pathogens10081056

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title = "Acute inflammatory mediators in young adult patients with covid-19 in Mexico",

abstract = "Young adults (18–40 years old) are an active population with high risk of infection and transmission of COVID-19. They are considered a low-risk population due to its low 1.0% case fatality rate (CFR). Despite their high clinical usefulness to prevent fatal cases, inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers studies are limited. For this reason, we performed a retrospective cohort study with COVID-19 patients in Hermosillo, Mexico, to assess inflammation, coagulopathy profile, and severity outcomes in young adults. We analyzed blood samples to determine the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil/monocyte ratio (NMR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (C-RP). We included epidemiological features and comorbidities, and compared them to the severity status. Only 359 COVID-19-confirmed young adults were included in the ambulatory (44.8%), hospitalized (42.9%), and death (12%) severity groups. Laboratory results showed an increase in NMR, LMR, and C-RP associated with the aggravated patients. Additionally, obesity, arterial hypertension, and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were associated with the COVID-19 severity outcome. We found that 9.1% and 30.3% of young adults presented the novel COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) and the risk of CAC, respectively. These parameters can be considered independent biomarkers reflecting an enhanced inflammatory process related to the COVID-19 prognosis.",

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AU - Angulo-Molina, Aracely

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AU - Álvarez-Villaseñor, Andrea S.

AU - Santacruz-Gómez, Karla J.

AU - Gallego-Hernández, Ana L.

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Acute inflammatory mediators in young adult patients with covid-19 in Mexico

Abstract

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Keywords

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