Optical, structural, and morphological characterization of cadmium carbonate thin films by CBD two formulations

The purpose of this paper is establishing two stables and originals formulations routes for the synthesis of cadmium carbonate (CdCO₃) by chemical bath deposition (CBD) and the analysis of the physical properties of the synthesized materials, such as optical, chemical, structural and morphological properties by using characterization techniques such as optical absorption by diffuse reflectance, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman. The direct bandgaps values related to direct transitions of electrons from the valence band to the conduction band of CdCO₃ thin films are 3.81 and 3.79 eV. By X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was determined as a hexagonal structure with space group R-3c (167) for CdCO₃ thin films. Finally, the expected chemical composition of CdCO₃ thin films was proving by the low- and high-resolution X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) spectra. The Raman spectra show five vibrational characteristics frequencies of CdCO₃ and evidencing that the synthesized thin films correspond to CdCO₃.