Structural and optical characterization of crystals obtained via solid state reactions in the In2O3–TiO2–Al2O3 pseudoternary system

C. L. Medrano-Pesqueira; Francisco Brown; Doris Möncke; Dominique de Ligny; Judith Tanori; T. del Castillo-Castro

doi:10.1007/s42452-019-0504-6

Structural and optical characterization of crystals obtained via solid state reactions in the In₂O₃–TiO₂–Al₂O₃ pseudoternary system

C. L. Medrano-Pesqueira^*, Francisco Brown, Doris Möncke, Dominique de Ligny, Judith Tanori, T. del Castillo-Castro

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

In this article, a synthesis of the compound In₂O₃–TiO₂–Al₂O₃ (molar relation 3:4:1 and 5:8:1) at 1350 °C by solid-state reactions is described. The compounds were obtained after heat treatment at 1350 °C for two days. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the synthesized samples belong to the monoclinic crystal system with the space group C 2/m. An agglomeration of the crystals was observed by scanning electron microscopy for the heat-treated samples of either composition (S1HT and S2HT). Atomic quantitative analysis showed variations of the two compositions presented and TEM analyses confirmed that In₃Ti₂AlO₁₀ crystals were formed. Partial nanocrystallization and irregularities can be observed in the micrographs. Both samples were polymorphic and presented chain discontinuities attributed to oxygen vacancies and/or distortions in the structure. UV–vis measurements were performed obtaining a band gap ~ 3.2 eV for all the samples analyzed. XPS analysis for S1HT and S2HT confirmed the expected oxidation of the compounds.

Original language	English
Article number	502
Journal	SN Applied Sciences
Volume	1
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-0504-6
State	Published - May 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank, B.S.M.E. Roberto Mora Monroy for XPS measurements, Dr. S. E. Burruel-Ibarra for SEM and EDS measurements, TEM experiments were performed at the Transmission Electron Microscopy laboratory of Universidad de Sonora. The main author thanks Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales of Universidad de Sonora, Dr. Lorena Armenta for the laboratory facilities provided for the realization of this work. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Keywords

Pseudobinary systems
SEM
TEM
Ternary system
X-ray
XPS

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10.1007/s42452-019-0504-6

Cite this

@article{169d1eb77f6f4483aa9b7809cac97eee,

title = "Structural and optical characterization of crystals obtained via solid state reactions in the In2O3–TiO2–Al2O3 pseudoternary system",

abstract = "In this article, a synthesis of the compound In2O3–TiO2–Al2O3 (molar relation 3:4:1 and 5:8:1) at 1350 °C by solid-state reactions is described. The compounds were obtained after heat treatment at 1350 °C for two days. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the synthesized samples belong to the monoclinic crystal system with the space group C 2/m. An agglomeration of the crystals was observed by scanning electron microscopy for the heat-treated samples of either composition (S1HT and S2HT). Atomic quantitative analysis showed variations of the two compositions presented and TEM analyses confirmed that In3Ti2AlO10 crystals were formed. Partial nanocrystallization and irregularities can be observed in the micrographs. Both samples were polymorphic and presented chain discontinuities attributed to oxygen vacancies and/or distortions in the structure. UV–vis measurements were performed obtaining a band gap ~ 3.2 eV for all the samples analyzed. XPS analysis for S1HT and S2HT confirmed the expected oxidation of the compounds.",

keywords = "Pseudobinary systems, SEM, TEM, Ternary system, X-ray, XPS",

author = "Medrano-Pesqueira, {C. L.} and Francisco Brown and Doris M{\"o}ncke and {de Ligny}, Dominique and Judith Tanori and {del Castillo-Castro}, T.",

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AU - Medrano-Pesqueira, C. L.

AU - Brown, Francisco

AU - Möncke, Doris

AU - de Ligny, Dominique

AU - Tanori, Judith

AU - del Castillo-Castro, T.

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N2 - In this article, a synthesis of the compound In2O3–TiO2–Al2O3 (molar relation 3:4:1 and 5:8:1) at 1350 °C by solid-state reactions is described. The compounds were obtained after heat treatment at 1350 °C for two days. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the synthesized samples belong to the monoclinic crystal system with the space group C 2/m. An agglomeration of the crystals was observed by scanning electron microscopy for the heat-treated samples of either composition (S1HT and S2HT). Atomic quantitative analysis showed variations of the two compositions presented and TEM analyses confirmed that In3Ti2AlO10 crystals were formed. Partial nanocrystallization and irregularities can be observed in the micrographs. Both samples were polymorphic and presented chain discontinuities attributed to oxygen vacancies and/or distortions in the structure. UV–vis measurements were performed obtaining a band gap ~ 3.2 eV for all the samples analyzed. XPS analysis for S1HT and S2HT confirmed the expected oxidation of the compounds.

AB - In this article, a synthesis of the compound In2O3–TiO2–Al2O3 (molar relation 3:4:1 and 5:8:1) at 1350 °C by solid-state reactions is described. The compounds were obtained after heat treatment at 1350 °C for two days. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the synthesized samples belong to the monoclinic crystal system with the space group C 2/m. An agglomeration of the crystals was observed by scanning electron microscopy for the heat-treated samples of either composition (S1HT and S2HT). Atomic quantitative analysis showed variations of the two compositions presented and TEM analyses confirmed that In3Ti2AlO10 crystals were formed. Partial nanocrystallization and irregularities can be observed in the micrographs. Both samples were polymorphic and presented chain discontinuities attributed to oxygen vacancies and/or distortions in the structure. UV–vis measurements were performed obtaining a band gap ~ 3.2 eV for all the samples analyzed. XPS analysis for S1HT and S2HT confirmed the expected oxidation of the compounds.

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