Systematic training in master swimmer athletes increases serum insulin growth factor-1 and decreases myostatin and irisin levels

During ageing, anabolic status is essential to prevent the decrease in quantity and quality of skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Exercise modulates endocrine markers of muscle status. We studied the differences of endocrine markers for muscle status in 62 non-sarcopenic Mexican swimmer adults aged 30–70 y/o, allocated into two groups: the systematic training (ST) group including master athletes with a physical activity level (PAL) >1.6, and the non-systematic training group (NST) composed by subjects with a PAL <1.5. Body composition, diet, biochemical and endocrine markers were analyzed. The ST group showed lower myostatin (MSTN) and irisin (IRI) levels, two strong regulators of SMM. The insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was higher in the ST. This is consistent with most of the evidence in young athletes and resistance training programs, where IGF-1 and IRI seem to play a crucial role in maintaining anabolic status in master athletes.