Privacy by design in software engineering: A systematic mapping study

Privacy by Design (PbD) is becoming a relevant issue that challenge the way software is developed. The objective of this paper is to determine the extent to which PbD has been applied in software development endeavors. A Systematic Mapping Study was carried out to identify primary papers that describe the way PbD is considered in software engineering, which principles or goals pursues, and what PbD practices or techniques are used in software development efforts. As a whole, we identified a deficiency of sound PbD-related research in the area of software development. The selected primary papers address PbD from a general experience-based perspective. However, good PbD-related practices are neither fully developed nor validated. Furthermore, we observed a strong tendency toward following principles rather than explicit practices.