Técnica de esquejes en agricultura: Una alternativa a la vanguardia

The multiple effects in agriculture due to plant morphogenic conditions lead to the concern to search viable alternatives for the propagation and feasible development of crops. Therefore, it has had to resort to new techniques, such is the case of micropropagation techniques such as cuttings, which are based on the promotion and multiplication of plants, quickly, efficiently and in large quantities; due this reason it has been considered one of the most successful biotechnological methods in agriculture. The technique of cuttings results in a new plant identical to the plant from which it precedes; this quick and simple technique can be performed on most plants. One way of guaranteeing root development properly during micropropagation techniques is the use of certain growth regulators, of which the most used are the auxins, such as indole-3-acetic acids (AIA), Naphthaleneacetic acid (ANA) and indolbutyric acid (AIB). These auxins promote the initiation of roots and have been attributed the ability to stimulate cell divisions in the radicle. In addition to the auxins, the roots of the cuttings can be favored using treatments based on hormones, microorganisms and bioactive compounds. The morphogenic characteristics of the plants and the application of treatments, among other factors, contribute to the successful establishment of a crop.